What is the live skin at the base of the cuticle?

The live skin at the base of the cuticle is referred to as the eponychium. This is a layer of tissue that overlaps and protects the area where the nail grows, serving as a barrier to prevent pathogens from entering through the nail bed. The eponychium is important for nail health and integrity, as it acts as a protective barrier against infection.

Understanding the role of the eponychium is crucial for nail care professionals, as improper handling or neglect of this area can lead to complications such as infections or ingrown nails. This differentiation is significant within manicuring practices, as proper knowledge about nail anatomy is essential for safe and effective services.

The other options represent different parts of the nail structure: the hyponychium is the skin under the free edge of the nail; the nail matrix is the tissue beneath the base of the nail that produces new nail cells; and the cuticle is the dead skin that lies on the surface of the nail plate. Each plays a distinct role, but the live tissue at the base of the cuticle specifically refers to the eponychium.